Land Cover Classification System Classification Concepts And User Manual
Samsung galaxy tab a manual. It has 3GB RAM, internal storage capacity of 32GB, which can be expandable up to 512GB via micro SD card slot. Samsung Galaxy A20 User Manual PDF Guide DownloadAfter the of Samsung Galaxy A20, the users can Download the User Manual PDF Guide of the device to know more details related to it.The smartphone Samsung Galaxy A20 sports 6.4-inch HD+ Super AMOLED Infinity-V display with the resolution of 1560 × 720 pixels. It has the measurement of 158.4 x 74.7 x 7.8mm. It is backed up by 4,000mAh battery with 15W fast charging. It has fingerprint sensor on its rear section.It is armed with Octa-Core Exynos 7884 (Dual 1.6 GHz + Hexa 1.35 GHz) processor and runs on Android 9.0 (Pie) with Samsung One UI.The camera section of the device Samsung Galaxy A20 includes dual 13MP rear camera with LED flash, f/1.9 aperture, 5MP 123° ultra-wide angle lens with f/2.2 aperture and a front-facing camera of 8MP with f/2.0 aperture.Connectivity wise, it features Dual 4G VoLTE, Wi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n, Bluetooth 5, GPS + GLONASS and supports 3.5mm audio jack, FM Radio.
- Land Cover Classification System (lccs) Classification Concepts And User Manual
- Land Cover Classification System Classification Concepts And User Manual Software Version (2)
Academia.edu is a platform for academics to share research papers. Land cover classification system LCCS: classification concepts and user manual for software version 1.0. Complete Title: Land cover classification system LCCS: classification concepts and user manual for software version 1.0. Classification concepts and user manual for software version 1.0. LAND USE LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM (2007). NJDEP MODIFIED ANDERSON SYSTEM. Derived from: A Land Use and Land Cover Classification System for Use with Remote Sensor Data, U. Geological Survey Professional Paper 964, 1976; edited by NJDEP, OIRM, BGIA, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2005, 2007, 2010. Remote Sensing in Landscape Ecology: Experiences and Perspectives in a European Context. Classification Concepts and User Manual FAO Rome 179 Google Scholar. European Commission 1993. CORINE land cover: technical guide. Google Scholar. European Commission 2001 Manual of Concepts on Land Cover and Land Use Information. A LAND USE AND LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM FOR USE WITH REMOTE SENSOR DATA By JAMEs R. ANDERSON, ERNEST E. HARDY, JoHN T. RoAcH, and RICHARD E. WITMER ABSTRACT The framework of a national land use and land cover. Development initiated research to harmonize land cover classification at the regional scale and address the immediate needs of the Hindu Kush Himalayan R egion. Harmonization of the classification system is facilitating the generation of land cover maps that can be used consistently for studies of change.
Land cover is the physical material at the surface of the earth. Land covers include grass, asphalt, trees, bare ground, water, etc. Earth cover is the expression used by ecologist Frederick Edward Clements that has its closest modern equivalent being vegetation.[1]:52 The expression continues to be used by the United States Bureau of Land Management.[2]
There are two primary methods for capturing information on land cover: field survey and analysis of remotely sensed imagery. Land change models can be built from these types of data to assess future shifts in land cover
One of the major land cover issues (as with all natural resource inventories) is that every survey defines similarly named categories in different ways. For instance, there are many definitions of 'forest'—sometimes within the same organisation—that may or may not incorporate a number of different forest features (e.g., stand height, canopy cover, strip width, inclusion of grasses, and rates of growth for timber production). Areas without trees may be classified as forest cover 'if the intention is to re-plant' (UK and Ireland), while areas with many trees may not be labelled as forest 'if the trees are not growing fast enough' (Norway and Finland).
Distinction from 'land use'[edit]
'Land cover' is distinct from 'land use', despite the two terms often being used interchangeably. Land use is a description of how people utilize the land and of socio-economic activity. Urban and agricultural land uses are two of the most commonly known land use classes. At any one point or place, there may be multiple and alternate land uses, the specification of which may have a political dimension. The origins of the 'land cover/land use' couplet and the implications of their confusion are discussed in Fisher et al. (2005).[3]
Types[edit]
Land cover by IGBP with 17 classes. Class definition[4] Color CodeLand Cover Classification System (lccs) Classification Concepts And User Manual
[5]Land Cover Classification System Classification Concepts And User Manual Software Version (2)
Following table is Land Cover statistics by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) with 14 classes.
FAO code | type[8] | 1992 | 2001 | 2015 | share | change fm 92 | note |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[6970] | Artificial surfaces (including urban and associated areas) | 26.04 | 34.33 | 55.40 | 0.37% | 29.35 | |
[6971] | Herbaceous crops | 1,716.22 | 1,749.58 | 1,712.15 | 11.50% | -4.06 | Arable land |
[6972] | Woody crops | 162.86 | 181.32 | 199.90 | 1.34% | 37.04 | Arable land |
[6973] | Multiple or layered crops | Arable land | |||||
[6974] | Tree-covered areas | 4,434.92 | 4,393.70 | 4,335.00 | 29.11% | -99.93 | large decrease |
[6975] | Mangroves | 18.06 | 18.39 | 18.74 | 0.13% | 0.67 | |
[6976] | Shrub-covered areas | 1,685.00 | 1,669.65 | 1,627.34 | 10.93% | -57.66 | large decrease |
[6977] | Shrubs and/or herbaceous vegetation, aquatic or regularly flooded | 202.61 | 194.77 | 185.39 | 1.24% | -17.23 | |
[6978] | Sparsely natural vegetated areas | 891.78 | 878.69 | 868.07 | 5.83% | -23.71 | |
[6979] | Terrestrial barren land | 2,001.25 | 2,000.87 | 1,884.00 | 12.65% | -117.25 | large decrease |
[6980] | Permanent snow and glaciers | 78.59 | 84.32 | 84.29 | 0.57% | 5.70 | |
[6981] | Inland water bodies | 432.60 | 435.00 | 444.57 | 2.98% | 11.97 | |
[6982] | Coastal water bodies and intertidal areas | ||||||
[6983] | Grassland | 1,793.65 | 1,806.50 | 1,801.14 | 12.09% | 7.50 | |
Total Land Mass | 14,893.91 | 100% |
See also[edit]
External links[edit]
Notes[edit]
- ^Makers of American Botany, Harry Baker Humphrey, Ronald Press Company, Library of Congress Card Number 61-18435
- ^'Susitna MOA Earth Cover Classification'(PDF). BlM-Alaska Technical Report 44. Bureau of Land Management. September 2002. Archived from the original(PDF) on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
- ^Fisher, 2005.
- ^The IGBP Land Cover Classification
- ^
- ^
- ^values are from CCI_LC(Climate Change Initiative Land Cover) by European Space Agency
- ^FAO Dataset Information: Land Cover Title Abstract Supplemental see Table 1. SEEA CF/AFF land cover classes and corresponding LCC classifiers, page 2,3,4
References[edit]
- Lex Comber; et al. (2005). 'What Is Land Cover?'. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design (32): 199–209.External link in
title=
(help) - Di Gregorio, Antonio; Jansen, Louisa J.M. (2000). 'Land Cover Classification System: Classification Concepts and User Manual'. Food and Agriculture Organization.
- Pete Fisher; et al. (2005). 'Land use and Land cover: Contradiction or Complement'. In Peter Fisher, David Unwin (ed.). Re-Presenting GIS. Chichester: Wiley. pp. 85–98.
- Ivan Balenovic; et al. (2015). 'Quality assessment of high density digital surface model over different land cover classes'.PERIODICUM BIOLOGORUM. VOL. 117, No 4, pp. 459–470, 2015